Understanding Hypertension: A Cardiologist’s Guide

Understanding Hypertension: A Cardiologist’s Guide

Hypertension, often referred to as high blood pressure, is a common but serious condition that affects millions of people worldwide. As a leading cause of heart disease, stroke, and kidney failure, it’s crucial to understand its risks and how to manage it effectively. In this guide, we will explore the causes of hypertension, its potential risks, and practical strategies for prevention and management, all backed by expert advice from Dr. Bharat Sangani, a renowned cardiologist.

What is Hypertension?

Hypertension, known commonly as High Blood Pressure, occurs when the force of the blood against the walls of your arteries is consistently too high. Blood pressure is measured in millimeters of mercury (mmHg), with two numbers: systolic pressure (the top number), which measures the pressure in your arteries when your heart beats, and diastolic pressure (the bottom number), which measures the pressure when your heart is at rest between beats.

Normal blood pressure is usually around 120/80 mmHg. Hypertension is diagnosed when blood pressure readings consistently exceed 130/80 mmHg.

The Risks of Hypertension

Hypertension often develops over many years without noticeable symptoms, which is why it’s sometimes called the “silent killer.” If left uncontrolled, high blood pressure can lead to severe complications, including:

  • Heart Disease: Chronic hypertension can cause the heart to work harder, leading to heart failure or arrhythmias.
  • Stroke: High blood pressure can damage and weaken blood vessels in the brain, increasing the risk of stroke.
  • Kidney Damage: The kidneys rely on healthy blood flow to filter waste, and prolonged high blood pressure can damage these vital organs.
  • Vision Loss: Hypertension can damage the blood vessels in the eyes, leading to vision problems or blindness.

Causes of Hypertension

While the exact cause of hypertension is often unknown, several factors can contribute to its development, including:

  • Genetics: A family history of high blood pressure can increase your risk.
  • Diet and Lifestyle: A diet high in salt, obesity, and a lack of physical activity are significant contributors.
  • Chronic Stress: Long-term stress can elevate blood pressure.
  • Age and Gender: Blood pressure tends to rise with age, and men are generally at a higher risk until women reach menopause.
  • Other Health Conditions: Conditions like diabetes, kidney disease, and sleep apnea can increase the likelihood of developing hypertension.

Managing and Preventing Hypertension

Fortunately, hypertension can often be managed with lifestyle changes and, when necessary, medication. Dr. Sangani’s approach emphasizes a comprehensive strategy:

  • Healthy Diet: Reducing sodium intake, eating a balanced diet rich in fruits, vegetables, and whole grains, and limiting alcohol can help manage blood pressure.
  • Exercise: Regular physical activity, such as brisk walking or swimming, can lower blood pressure and improve heart health.
  • Weight Management: Losing excess weight can have a significant impact on lowering blood pressure.
  • Stress Reduction: Techniques like mindfulness, yoga, and deep breathing exercises can help reduce stress levels.
  • Medication: In some cases, medications such as ACE inhibitors, diuretics, or calcium channel blockers may be prescribed to help control blood pressure.

Monitoring Your Blood Pressure

Regular monitoring of blood pressure is necessary, especially for those with a family history of hypertension or other risk factors. Home blood pressure monitors can be an excellent tool to track your readings between doctor visits.

Start The New Year with a Healthy Heart

If you’re experiencing symptoms such as headaches, dizziness, chest pain, or shortness of breath, it’s essential to consult a healthcare professional immediately. Regular checkups with your doctor will also help identify any early signs of hypertension and ensure timely intervention.

Dr. Bharat Sangani and the team at Dr. Sangani & Associates are committed to providing expert care and personalized treatment plans for individuals managing hypertension. If you have concerns about your blood pressure or want to learn more about prevention, don’t hesitate to reach out for guidance, or request an appointment at Dr. Sangani & Associates here.

Hypertension is a serious but manageable condition. By understanding its risks and adopting healthy lifestyle habits, you can take control of your health and reduce the risk of complications.